Introduction Gig economy is selling a good narrative. You can work when you please, log in ad be your own boss. Such actors as ride-hailing drivers, food delivery partners, and warehouse pickers are recurrently referred to as independent participants who exercise flexibility and choice. However, lurking in the background of this language of autonomy is…
Introduction The Indian Fintech ecosystem is currently ranked third in the world in terms of size and is a digital phenomenon that has revolutionized how a billion people spend, save, and borrow. Yet with rapid growth and progress come systemic risks and data breaches. In May 2024, RBI finalized the framework for recognizing Self-Regulatory Organisations…
Factual Background On January 27, 2011, the Union of India and the North Central Railway Administration executed a turnkey contract with Larsen & Toubro Limited (L&T) to modernize the Jhansi Workshop for a negotiated value of Rs. 93,08,07,696. The parties set an original completion date of July 18, 2012, but the railway administration extended this…
You clicked “I Agree” on a quick commerce app. That was 5 months ago. Since then, the AI has figured out you are likely pregnant. Probably diabetic. Financially stretched every third week of the month. You never consented to any of that. You consented to delivery. This is what I call “Agentic Consent Collapse” It…
Introduction The Nagpur Bench of the Bombay High Court in Writ Petition No. 1257 of 2026, dated 27 February 2026, in the case of M/s. Hindustan Equipment Craft v. Assistant Commissioner of State Tax & Ors., held that the assignment of long-term leasehold rights in an industrial plot is essentially a transfer of benefits arising…
Introduction The transition from a “daylight only” to a 24/7 economy is not just about business growth but about gender equality and creating a workplace that works for everyone. For decades, women have been held back in their careers because of outdated provisions in the Factories Act of 1948. However, India is witnessing a historic…
Introduction The Karnataka High Court, in Writ Petition No. 22068 of 2024 (T-RES), decided on 12th December,2025, in the case of South Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. V. Union of India & Ors., held that refund of accumulated Input Tax Credit under Section 54 (3)(ii) of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (hereinafter referred…
Factual Background In ongoing arbitral proceedings between Viva Highways Ltd (appellant) and MPRDC (respondent), the High Court of Madhya Pradesh, relying on Mohan Lal Fatehpuria (2025 INSC 1409), terminated the existing arbitrator’s mandate and directed the parties to propose a new arbitrator. Viva Highways challenged this interim order before the Supreme Court. Issues Whether, upon…
Introduction Social platforms designed for interaction between autonomous Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) agents present a new category of legal and technical risk. Unlike conventional platforms where user conduct is the primary source of exposure, AI-agent environments involve automated generation, storage, and exchange of data without continuous human oversight. This increases the likelihood that technical misconfigurations may…
Introduction The challenge before SC centres on Section 44(3) of the DPDP Act, which amends Section 8(1)(j) of the Right to Information Act. While Section 8(1)(j) previously permitted disclosure of personal information in cases of larger public interest, the amendment under the DPDP Act now effectively bars such disclosure. We are moving away from “discretionary…
Introduction The Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime in India incorporates Section 171 of the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Act, 2017, which mandates that any reduction in the tax rate or the benefit of Input Tax Credit must be passed on to the recipient by way of a commensurate reduction in prices. Organizations…
Introduction The framework governing industrial employment is undergoing a fundamental structural change. As we move through 2026, the traditional reliance on certified Standing Orders is being steadily replaced by individualized, private contracts. This transition signifies a deeper shift in the legal philosophy of the employer-employee relationship, a move away from state-mandated “status” toward private “contract.”…
Introduction The decades-old assumption in cross-border finance was that information would flow freely unlike now. Information has ceased being a back-office by-product of financial action, and now a strategic national resource and closely linked to national security and sovereignty, as well as economic strength. The control over the streams of financial data has become regarded…
Introduction The landscape of Indian tax law often presents a unique challenge for foreign entities, particularly those in project-based sectors like oil and gas. For these organizations, business rarely follows a linear path of constant activity; instead, it moves in cycles of high engagement followed by periods of quiet preparation. A significant point of friction…
Introduction For many organizations, the POSH Act has become a masterpiece of paperwork, yet for the women it was designed to protect, the process often remains a hollow promise. More than a decade has passed since the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act 2013 was enacted, and most Indian organizations now boast of being…
Introduction Historically, engaging with financial services required a high degree of intentionality. Consumers interacted with banking, credit, or insurance as distinct products through dedicated channels, whether by visiting a branch or navigating a specific banking interface. Today, that conscious participation is rapidly dissolving. As financial services move from the foreground to the background of the…
𝐃𝐞𝐞𝐩𝐟𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 C𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐈𝐓 𝐀𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐑𝐮𝐥𝐞𝐬, 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟔 Effective Date: February 20, 2026 The Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2026 fundamentally restructures digital accountability, specifically targeting the unregulated growth of synthetic media. Key Statutory Changes 𝐃𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐲𝐧𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐌𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐚: A new legal category for “synthetically generated information” now…
Factual Background The parties formed a partnership, “M/s Anmol Alliance,” to develop and construct an SRA project at Andheri (West), Mumbai. Disputes arose, leading to a Section 9 petition in which the High Court recorded consent terms on 09.07.2019 and appointed Hon’ble Mr. Justice J.N. Patel (former Chief Justice, Calcutta High Court) as sole arbitrator….
The Privacy Paradox- Debunking 14 Critical Myths of Modern Data Protection! Stop treating the DPDPA like a legal homework assignment. Dismantling misconceptions to foster a culture of proactive compliance and strategic resilience. Common Myths vs. The Reality Common Myths Myth: Our business is too small to be a target. Myth: Privacy compliance is a barrier…
Introduction The Supreme Court of India in HT Media Ltd. v. Principal Commissioner of Goods and Service Tax, Civil Appeal Nos. 23525-23526 of 2017, 2026 INSC 66, decided on 16.01.2025, addressed the distinction between administrative facilitation and statutory “Event Management Services” under the Finance Act, 1994. The Court set aside a CESTAT order that had…
Introduction The Supreme Court decision in Union of India v Heavy Vehicles Factory Employees’ Union and Another Civil Appeal Nos.5185-5192 of 2016 wherein it was held that, in calculating the overtime payments under Section 59 of the Factories Act, 1948 (hereinafter referred to as the “Act”) compensatory allowances are to be included has not only…
AI Models now know when they’re being tested. And they fake compliance. The 2026 International AI Safety Report, chaired by Turing Award winner Yoshua Bengio, documents something every techno lawyer and AI Systems deployers, creators, importers should understand. Some frontier AI models can now distinguish between evaluation and deployment contexts and alter their behavior accordingly….
How the novel ‘Consent Manager’ framework under India’s DPDPA aims to centralize and simplify user data permissions, reducing repetitive requests. Current Reality: Decentralized & Overwhelming. Allow Cookies? Accept Terms & Conditions? Share Location Data? Marketing Opt-in Required Access Contacts? Enable Notifications? Track Activity? Data Principal Users are bombarded individually by every Data Fiduciary, leading to…
Introduction Mandatory arbitration clauses in FinTech user agreements often serve as a strategic hurdle to bypass public litigation in favor of private, institution-led forums. However, under the legal landscape of 2026, these provisions cannot override the non-derogable jurisdiction of Indian consumer commissions. The Consumer Protection Act, 2019, functions as a welfare statute that grants users…
Introduction The discourse on Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) has moved decisively from the realm of capability to that of governance architecture. The White Paper released by the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser, titled “Strengthening AI Governance Through Techno-Legal Frameworks,” depicts India as an adopter of AI but as a country that is seeking to build…
Under the Union Budget 2026–27, localisation of data through Indian data centres has clearly emerged as the central pillar for operationalising the DPDP Act. By aligning data localisation with fiscal and tax incentives for foreign companies setting up data centre operations in India, the Budget also signals that compliance and investment can go hand in…
Introduction For a long time, the Mergers and Acquisitions (“M&A”) landscape in India functioned under a scattered legal regime, with compliance spread across 29 distinct central labour laws. Each statute had its own definitions, registration requirements, and compliance standards. This created uncertainty during transactions, as labour-related liabilities would surface late in the deal process. As…
Introduction Arbitration is fundamentally a creature of consent. But what happens when the very document containing the consent, the arbitration agreement, is alleged to be a forgery? In the recent judgment of Rajia Begum v. Barnali Mukherjee, decided on February 2, 2026, the Supreme Court of India clarified the threshold for refusing arbitration when the…
Introduction The Supreme Court’s decision in Adani Power Ltd. v. Union of India [(2026) 38 Centax 90 (SC)] is not merely another tax dispute arising out of India’s Special Economic Zones (“SEZ”) regime. It is a restatement of fundamental constitutional principles governing taxation, such as the requirement that all levies have explicit legislative sanction, the…
Top 14 Insights from “Techno Legal Whitepaper on Strengthening AI Governance” by the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India (Released on 23rd January, 2026) 1. Techno Legal Framework: It integrates legal instruments and rule-based conditioning directly into the technical architecture of an AI system by design. 2. Objectives : It…
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